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The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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Race in the American Mind: From the Moynihan Report to the Obama Candidacy

Lawrence D. Bobo

Social Sciences at Harvard University

Camille Z. Charles

Center for Africana Studies at the University of Pennsylvania

In 1965 Daniel Patrick Moynihan observed that the "racist virus in the American blood stream still afflicts us." The authors assess the tenor of racial attitudes in white and black America across the ensuing four decades. Their core conclusion is paradoxical. On one hand, a massive positive change in social norms regarding race has taken place that dislodged Jim Crow ideology and now calls for integration and equality as the rules that should guide black-white interaction. On the other hand, negative stereotypes of African Americans, cultural (not structural or discrimination-based) accounts of black disadvantage, and deep polarization over the appropriate social policy response to racial inequality yield an ongoing legacy of tension and division. The authors link these trends in attitudes to broader changes in society (i.e., racial segregation, job discrimination, rates of intermarriage), patterns of intergroup and interpersonal behavior, and national political dynamics.

Key Words: Daniel Patrick Moynihan • racial attitudes • stereotypes • segregation • discrimination • inequality • Barack Obama • Colin Powell

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 621, No. 1, 243-259 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0002716208324759
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