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The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 596, No. 1, 172-206 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0002716204268923

The Evolution of Gender and Motherhood in Contemporary Medicine

Ann Boulis

In this article, the author endeavors to clarify the shifting nature of gender and motherhood for women physicians. She examines trends in the gender gap in marriage, divorce, childbearing, work hours, and earnings. The author draws on data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. decennial censuses and data spanning 1991 to 1997 from the Survey of the Practice Patterns of Young Physicians. Compared with women in the general population, the trends for women physicians have been favorable. Women physicians are more likely to marry and less likely to divorce than are other women. Among employed physicians, gender differences in earnings and work hours are also narrowing slightly. Nevertheless, a gap is growing between female physicians with children and childless women doctors, and a small but growing percentage of young physician mothers are electing to forgo labor force participation entirely. Thus, young physician mothers still suffer significant professional sacrifice.

Key Words: women physicians • gender gap • salary gap • work-family balance • marriage trends • family trends


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The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, November 1, 2004; 596(1): 208 - 213.
[Abstract] [PDF]