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The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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Populating an International Web-Based Randomized Trials Register in the Social, Behavioral, Criminological, and Education Sciences

Herbert Turner

Information Retrieval Methods Groups Steering Committee, International Campbell Collaboration

Robert Boruch

Graduate School of Education, Statistics Department of the Wharton Fels Center for Government, University of Pennsylvania

Anthony Petrosino

Julia Lavenberg

Graduate School of Education at the University of Pennsylvania

Dorothy de Moya

The Campbell Collaboration, International Campbell Collaboration Steering Group

Hannah Rothstein

Baruch College, Graduate Center of the City University of New York

Underlying the work of the Campbell Collaboration (C2) is the Sociological, Psychological, Educational, and Criminological Trials Register (C2-SPECTR). A Web-accessible database, C2-SPECTR is unique in the world. With more than 11,600 citations, it is an international register on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or possible trials. This article describes the framework for populating C2-SPECTR, other registers that are prospective, and the practical issues of implementation. The authors discuss the growing importance of RCTs and the recent histories of organizations that have influenced this growth—the Cochrane Collaboration, the C2, and the What Works Clearinghouse. Next, the authors describe the origins of C2-SPECTR and plans to populate it and a prospective register. The authors conclude with plans for implementing the surveillance systems and the anticipated challenges in actualizing these plans.

Key Words: randomized trials • randomized experiments • Campbell Collaboration • systematic reviews • electronic databases • search engines • Cochrane Collaboration • What Works Clearinghouse

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 589, No. 1, 203-223 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0002716203256840
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