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The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
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The Costs and Benefits of Sentencing: A Systematic Review

Cynthia McDougall

Centre for Criminal Justice Economics and Psychology, University of York, United Kingdom

Mark A. Cohen

Owen Graduate School of Management,Vanderbilt University; Vanderbilt Center for Environmental Management Studies; Centre for Criminal Justice Economics and Psychology, University of York, United Kingdom

Raymond Swaray

Centre for Criminal Justice Economics and Psychology, University of York, United Kingdom

Amanda Perry

Centre for Criminal Justice Economics and Psychology, University of York, United Kingdom

It is increasingly being recognized that it is essential to know not only what is effective in reducing criminal behavior but also the relative costs and benefits of criminal justice interventions. While a number of studies now include such costs and benefits, the evidence is difficult to compare because of differing research designs and cost-benefit methodologies. This article systematically reviews the current evidence on the costs and benefits of different sentencing options. A cost-benefit validity scale is proposed as a mechanism to evaluate systematically the quality of costs and benefits data. A systematic review of the literature revealed only nine published studies that fit the criteria of the review. Many were of poor methodological quality, and the authors recommend the development of standardized methodologies for assessing the costs and benefits of criminal justice programs.

Key Words: costs-benefits • sentencing • crime • review • effectiveness

The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 587, No. 1, 160-177 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0002716202250807
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